tty.c - tmux - Rivoreo Source Code Repositories

 /* $Id: tty.c,v 1.61 2009-01-18 21:46:30 nicm Exp $ */

 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicm@users.sourceforge.net>
  *
  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
  *
  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
  * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  */

 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>

 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <termios.h>
 #include <unistd.h>

 #include "tmux.h"

 void	tty_fill_acs(struct tty *);
 u_char	tty_get_acs(struct tty *, u_char);

 void	tty_emulate_repeat(
     	    struct tty *, enum tty_code_code, enum tty_code_code, u_int);

 void	tty_raw(struct tty *, const char *);

 void	tty_reset(struct tty *);
 void	tty_region(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int);
 void	tty_attributes(struct tty *, const struct grid_cell *);
 void	tty_attributes_fg(struct tty *, const struct grid_cell *);
 void	tty_attributes_bg(struct tty *, const struct grid_cell *);

 void	tty_cmd_bell(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_carriagereturn(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_cell(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_clearendofline(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_clearendofscreen(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_clearline(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_clearscreen(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_clearstartofline(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_clearstartofscreen(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_cursormode(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_deletecharacter(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_deleteline(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_insertcharacter(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_insertline(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_insertmode(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_kcursormode(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_kkeypadmode(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_linefeed(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_mousemode(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);
 void	tty_cmd_reverseindex(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list);

 void (*tty_cmds[])(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, va_list) = {
 	tty_cmd_cell,
 	tty_cmd_clearendofline,
 	tty_cmd_clearendofscreen,
 	tty_cmd_clearline,
 	tty_cmd_clearscreen,
 	tty_cmd_clearstartofline,
 	tty_cmd_clearstartofscreen,
 	tty_cmd_cursormode,
 	tty_cmd_deletecharacter,
 	tty_cmd_deleteline,
 	tty_cmd_insertcharacter,
 	tty_cmd_insertline,
 	tty_cmd_insertmode,
 	tty_cmd_kcursormode,
 	tty_cmd_kkeypadmode,
 	tty_cmd_linefeed,
 	tty_cmd_mousemode,
 	tty_cmd_reverseindex,
 };

 void
 tty_init(struct tty *tty, char *path, char *term)
 {
 	tty->path = xstrdup(path);
 	if (term == NULL)
 		tty->termname = xstrdup("unknown");
 	else
 		tty->termname = xstrdup(term);
 	tty->flags = 0;
 	tty->term_flags = 0;
 }

 int
 tty_open(struct tty *tty, char **cause)
 {
 	int		 mode;

 	tty->fd = open(tty->path, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK);
 	if (tty->fd == -1) {
 		xasprintf(cause, "%s: %s", tty->path, strerror(errno));
 		return (-1);
 	}

 	if ((mode = fcntl(tty->fd, F_GETFL)) == -1)
 		fatal("fcntl");
 	if (fcntl(tty->fd, F_SETFL, mode|O_NONBLOCK) == -1)
 		fatal("fcntl");

 	if (debug_level > 3)
 		tty->log_fd = open("tmux.out", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644);
 	else
 		tty->log_fd = -1;

 	if ((tty->term = tty_term_find(tty->termname, tty->fd, cause)) == NULL)
 		goto error;

 	tty->in = buffer_create(BUFSIZ);
 	tty->out = buffer_create(BUFSIZ);

 	tty->flags &= TTY_UTF8;

 	tty_start_tty(tty);

 	tty_keys_init(tty);

 	tty_fill_acs(tty);

 	return (0);

 error:
 	close(tty->fd);
 	tty->fd = -1;

 	return (-1);
 }

 void
 tty_start_tty(struct tty *tty)
 {
 	struct termios	 tio;
 #ifdef TIOCFLUSH
 	int		 what;
 #endif

 	if (tcgetattr(tty->fd, &tty->tio) != 0)
 		fatal("tcgetattr failed");
 	memcpy(&tio, &tty->tio, sizeof tio);
 	tio.c_iflag &= ~(IXON|IXOFF|ICRNL|INLCR|IGNCR|IMAXBEL|ISTRIP);
 	tio.c_iflag |= IGNBRK;
 	tio.c_oflag &= ~(OPOST|ONLCR|OCRNL|ONLRET);
 	tio.c_lflag &= ~(IEXTEN|ICANON|ECHO|ECHOE|ECHONL|ECHOCTL|
 	    ECHOPRT|ECHOKE|ECHOCTL|ISIG);
 	tio.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
         tio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
 	if (tcsetattr(tty->fd, TCSANOW, &tio) != 0)
 		fatal("tcsetattr failed");

 #ifdef TIOCFLUSH
 	what = 0;
 	if (ioctl(tty->fd, TIOCFLUSH, &what) != 0)
 		fatal("ioctl(TIOCFLUSH)");
 #endif

 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_IS1);
 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_IS2);
 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_IS3);

 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMCUP);
 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMKX);
 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_ENACS);
 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_CLEAR);

 	memcpy(&tty->cell, &grid_default_cell, sizeof tty->cell);

 	tty->cx = UINT_MAX;
 	tty->cy = UINT_MAX;

 	tty->rlower = UINT_MAX;
 	tty->rupper = UINT_MAX;
 }

 void
 tty_stop_tty(struct tty *tty)
 {
 	struct winsize	ws;

 	/*
 	 * Be flexible about error handling and try not kill the server just
 	 * because the fd is invalid. Things like ssh -t can easily leave us
 	 * with a dead tty.
 	 */
 	if (ioctl(tty->fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) {
 		if (errno != EBADF && errno != ENXIO && errno != ENOTTY)
 			fatal("ioctl(TIOCGWINSZ)");
 	} else if (tcsetattr(tty->fd, TCSANOW, &tty->tio) == -1) {
 		if (errno != EBADF && errno != ENXIO && errno != ENOTTY)
 			fatal("tcsetattr failed");
 	} else {
 		tty_raw(tty,
 		    tty_term_string2(tty->term, TTYC_CSR, 0, ws.ws_row - 1));
 		tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_RMACS));
 		tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_SGR0));
 		tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_CLEAR));
 		tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_RMKX));
 		tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_RMCUP));
 		tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_CNORM));
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_fill_acs(struct tty *tty)
 {
 	const char *ptr;

 	memset(tty->acs, 0, sizeof tty->acs);
 	if (!tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_ACSC))
 		return;

 	ptr = tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_ACSC);
 	if (strlen(ptr) % 2 != 0)
 		return;
 	for (; *ptr != '\0'; ptr += 2)
 		tty->acs[(u_char) ptr[0]] = ptr[1];
 }

 u_char
 tty_get_acs(struct tty *tty, u_char ch)
 {
 	if (tty->acs[ch] != '\0')
 		return (tty->acs[ch]);
 	return (ch);
 }

 void
 tty_close(struct tty *tty, int no_stop)
 {
 	if (tty->fd == -1)
 		return;

 	if (tty->log_fd != -1) {
 		close(tty->log_fd);
 		tty->log_fd = -1;
 	}

 	if (!no_stop)
 		tty_stop_tty(tty);

 	tty_term_free(tty->term);
 	tty_keys_free(tty);

 	close(tty->fd);
 	tty->fd = -1;

 	buffer_destroy(tty->in);
 	buffer_destroy(tty->out);
 }

 void
 tty_free(struct tty *tty, int no_stop)
 {
 	tty_close(tty, no_stop);

 	if (tty->path != NULL)
 		xfree(tty->path);
 	if (tty->termname != NULL)
 		xfree(tty->termname);
 }

 void
 tty_raw(struct tty *tty, const char *s)
 {
 	write(tty->fd, s, strlen(s));
 }

 void
 tty_putcode(struct tty *tty, enum tty_code_code code)
 {
 	tty_puts(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, code));
 }

 void
 tty_putcode1(struct tty *tty, enum tty_code_code code, int a)
 {
 	if (a < 0)
 		return;
 	tty_puts(tty, tty_term_string1(tty->term, code, a));
 }

 void
 tty_putcode2(struct tty *tty, enum tty_code_code code, int a, int b)
 {
 	if (a < 0 || b < 0)
 		return;
 	tty_puts(tty, tty_term_string2(tty->term, code, a, b));
 }

 void
 tty_puts(struct tty *tty, const char *s)
 {
 	if (*s == '\0')
 		return;
 	buffer_write(tty->out, s, strlen(s));

 	if (tty->log_fd != -1)
 		write(tty->log_fd, s, strlen(s));
 }

 void
 tty_putc(struct tty *tty, char ch)
 {
 	if (tty->cell.attr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)
 		ch = tty_get_acs(tty, ch);
 	buffer_write8(tty->out, ch);

 	if (ch >= 0x20)
 		tty->cx++;	/* This is right most of the time. */

 	if (tty->log_fd != -1)
 		write(tty->log_fd, &ch, 1);
 }

 void
 tty_set_title(struct tty *tty, const char *title)
 {
 	if (strstr(tty->termname, "xterm") == NULL &&
 	    strstr(tty->termname, "rxvt") == NULL &&
 	    strcmp(tty->termname, "screen") != 0)
 		return;

 	tty_puts(tty, "\033]0;");
 	tty_puts(tty, title);
 	tty_putc(tty, '\007');
 }

 void
 tty_emulate_repeat(
     struct tty *tty, enum tty_code_code code, enum tty_code_code code1, u_int n)
 {
 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, code))
 		tty_putcode1(tty, code, n);
 	else {
 		while (n-- > 0)
 			tty_putcode(tty, code1);
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_write(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, enum tty_cmd cmd, ...)
 {
 	va_list	ap;

 	va_start(ap, cmd);
 	tty_vwrite(tty, s, oy, cmd, ap);
 	va_end(ap);
 }

 void
 tty_vwrite(
     struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, enum tty_cmd cmd, va_list ap)
 {
 	if (tty->flags & TTY_FREEZE || tty->term == NULL)
 		return;
 	if (tty_cmds[cmd] != NULL)
 		tty_cmds[cmd](tty, s, oy, ap);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_insertcharacter(
     struct tty *tty, unused struct screen *s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	ua;

 	ua = va_arg(ap, u_int);

 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_ICH) ||
 	    tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_ICH1))
 	    tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_ICH, TTYC_ICH1, ua);
 	else {
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMIR);
 		while (ua-- > 0)
 			tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_RMIR);
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_deletecharacter(
     struct tty *tty, unused struct screen *s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	ua;

 	ua = va_arg(ap, u_int);

 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_DCH, TTYC_DCH1, ua);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_insertline(
     struct tty *tty, unused struct screen *s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	ua;

 	ua = va_arg(ap, u_int);

 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_region(tty, s, oy);
  	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_IL, TTYC_IL1, ua);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_deleteline(
     struct tty *tty, unused struct screen *s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	ua;

 	ua = va_arg(ap, u_int);

 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_region(tty, s, oy);
  	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_DL, TTYC_DL1, ua);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_clearline(
     struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	i;

 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL)) {
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, 0);
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 	} else {
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, 0);
 		for (i = 0; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
 			tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_clearendofline(
     struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	i;

 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL))
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
 	else {
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 		for (i = s->cx; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
 			tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_clearstartofline(
     struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	i;

 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL1))
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL1);
 	else {
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, 0);
 		for (i = 0; i < s->cx + 1; i++)
 			tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_cursormode(
     struct tty *tty, unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, va_list ap)
 {
 	int	ua;

 	ua = va_arg(ap, int);

 	if (tty->cursor == ua)
 		return;
 	tty->cursor = ua;

 	if (ua && !(tty->flags & TTY_NOCURSOR))
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_CNORM);
 	else
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_CIVIS);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_reverseindex(
     struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_region(tty, s, oy);
 	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_RI);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_insertmode(unused struct tty *tty,
     unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, va_list ap)
 {
 	int	ua;

 	ua = va_arg(ap, int);

 #if 0
 	/* XXX */
 	if (ua)
 		tty_puts(tty, enter_insert_mode);
 	else
 		tty_puts(tty, exit_insert_mode);
 #endif
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_mousemode(
     struct tty *tty, unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, va_list ap)
 {
 	int	ua;

 	if (!tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_KMOUS))
 		return;

 	ua = va_arg(ap, int);

 	if (ua)
 		tty_puts(tty, "\033[?1000h");
 	else
 		tty_puts(tty, "\033[?1000l");
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_kcursormode(unused struct tty *tty,
     unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_kkeypadmode(unused struct tty *tty,
     unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_linefeed(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	tty_reset(tty);
  	tty_region(tty, s, oy);
 	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	tty_putc(tty, '\n');
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_bell(struct tty *tty,
     unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_BEL);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_clearendofscreen(
     struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	i, j;

 	tty_reset(tty);
 	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL)) {
 		for (i = oy + s->cy; i < oy + screen_size_y(s); i++) {
 			tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
 			if (i != screen_size_y(s) - 1)
 				tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_CUD, TTYC_CUD1, 1);
 		}
 	} else {
 		for (i = s->cx; i < screen_size_y(s); i++)
 			tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 		for (j = oy + s->cy; j < oy + screen_size_y(s); j++) {
 			for (i = 0; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
 				tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 		}
 	}
 	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_clearstartofscreen(
     struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	i, j;

 	tty_reset(tty);
 	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy, 0);
 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL)) {
 		for (i = 0; i < oy + s->cy; i++) {
 			tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
 			tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_CUD, TTYC_CUD1, 1);
 		}
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, 0);
 	} else {
 		for (j = 0; j < oy + s->cy; j++) {
 			for (i = 0; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
 				tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 		}
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < s->cx; i++)
 		tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_clearscreen(
     struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
 {
 	u_int	i, j;

 	tty_reset(tty);
 	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy, 0);
 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL)) {
 		for (i = 0; i < screen_size_y(s); i++) {
 			tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
 			if (i != screen_size_y(s) - 1)
 				tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_CUD, TTYC_CUD1, 1);
 		}
 	} else {
 		for (j = 0; j < screen_size_y(s); j++) {
 			for (i = 0; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
 				tty_putc(tty, ' ');
 		}
 	}
 	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
 }

 void
 tty_cmd_cell(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
 {
 	struct grid_cell       *gc;
 	u_int			i, width;
 	u_char			out[4];

 	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

 	gc = va_arg(ap, struct grid_cell *);

 	/* If this is a padding character, do nothing. */
 	if (gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_PADDING)
 		return;

 	/* Set the attributes. */
 	tty_attributes(tty, gc);

 	/* If not UTF-8, write directly. */
 	if (!(gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_UTF8)) {
 		if (gc->data > 0xff || gc->data < 0x20 || gc->data == 0x7f)
 			return;
 		tty_putc(tty, gc->data);
 		return;
 	}

 	/* If the terminal doesn't support UTF-8, write underscores. */
 	if (!(tty->flags & TTY_UTF8)) {
 		width = utf8_width(gc->data);
 		while (width-- > 0)
 			tty_putc(tty, '_');
 		return;
 	}

 	/* Otherwise, unpack UTF-8 and write it. */
 	utf8_split(gc->data, out);
 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 		if (out[i] == 0xff)
 			break;
 		tty_putc(tty, out[i]);
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_reset(struct tty *tty)
 {
 	struct grid_cell	*tc = &tty->cell;

 	tc->data = grid_default_cell.data;
 	if (memcmp(tc, &grid_default_cell, sizeof *tc) == 0)
 		return;

 	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_RMACS) && tc->attr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_RMACS);
 	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SGR0);
 	memcpy(tc, &grid_default_cell, sizeof *tc);
 }

 void
 tty_region(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int oy)
 {
 	if (tty->rlower != oy + s->rlower || tty->rupper != oy + s->rupper) {
 		tty->rlower = oy + s->rlower;
 		tty->rupper = oy + s->rupper;
 		tty->cx = 0;
 		tty->cy = 0;
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CSR, tty->rupper, tty->rlower);
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_cursor(struct tty *tty, u_int cx, u_int cy, u_int oy)
 {
 	if (cx == 0 && tty->cx != 0 && tty->cy == oy + cy) {
 		tty->cx = 0;
 		tty_putc(tty, '\r');
 	} else if (tty->cx != cx || tty->cy != oy + cy) {
 		tty->cx = cx;
 		tty->cy = oy + cy;
 		tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, tty->cy, tty->cx);
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_attributes(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc)
 {
 	struct grid_cell	*tc = &tty->cell;
 	u_char			 changed;

 	/* If any bits are being cleared, reset everything. */
 	if (tc->attr & ~gc->attr)
 		tty_reset(tty);

 	/* Filter out attribute bits already set. */
 	changed = gc->attr & ~tc->attr;
 	tc->attr = gc->attr;

 	/* Set the attributes. */
 	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_BOLD);
 	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_DIM)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_DIM);
 	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_ITALICS)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMSO);
 	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_UNDERSCORE)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMUL);
 	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_BLINK)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_BLINK);
 	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_REVERSE)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_REV);
 	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_HIDDEN)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_INVIS);
 	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMACS);

 	/* Set foreground colour. */
 	if (gc->fg != tc->fg ||
 	    (gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_FG256) != (tc->flags & GRID_FLAG_FG256)) {
 		tty_attributes_fg(tty, gc);
 		tc->fg = gc->fg;
 	}

 	/* Set background colour. */
 	if (gc->bg != tc->bg ||
 	    (gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_BG256) != (tc->flags & GRID_FLAG_BG256)) {
 		tty_attributes_bg(tty, gc);
 		tc->bg = gc->bg;
 	}
 }

 void
 tty_attributes_fg(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc)
 {
 	char	s[32];
 	u_char	fg = gc->fg;

 	if (gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_FG256) {
 		if ((tty->term->flags & TERM_256COLOURS) ||
 		    (tty->term_flags & TERM_256COLOURS)) {
 			xsnprintf(s, sizeof s, "\033[38;5;%hhum", fg);
 			tty_puts(tty, s);
 			return;
 		}
 		fg = colour_translate256(fg);
 		if (fg & 8) {
 			fg &= 7;
 			tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_BOLD);
 			tty->cell.attr |= GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT;
 		} else if (tty->cell.attr & GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT)
 			tty_reset(tty);
 	}

 	if (fg == 8 &&
 	    !(tty->term->flags & TERM_HASDEFAULTS) &&
 	    !(tty->term_flags & TERM_HASDEFAULTS))
 		fg = 7;
 	if (fg == 8)
 		tty_puts(tty, "\033[39m");
 	else
 		tty_putcode1(tty, TTYC_SETAF, fg);
 }

 void
 tty_attributes_bg(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc)
 {
 	char	s[32];
 	u_char	bg = gc->bg;

 	if (gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_BG256) {
 		if ((tty->term->flags & TERM_256COLOURS) ||
 		    (tty->term_flags & TERM_256COLOURS)) {
 			xsnprintf(s, sizeof s, "\033[48;5;%hhum", bg);
 			tty_puts(tty, s);
 			return;
 		}
 		bg = colour_translate256(bg);
 		if (bg & 8) {
 			/*
 			 * Bold background; can't do this on standard
 			 * terminals...
 			 */
 #if 0
 			xsnprintf(s, sizeof s, "\033[%hhum", 92 + bg);
 			tty_puts(tty, s);
 			return;
 #endif
 			bg &= 7;
 		}
 	}

 	if (bg == 8 &&
 	    !(tty->term->flags & TERM_HASDEFAULTS) &&
 	    !(tty->term_flags & TERM_HASDEFAULTS))
 		bg = 0;
 	if (bg == 8)
 		tty_puts(tty, "\033[49m");
 	else
 		tty_putcode1(tty, TTYC_SETAB, bg);
 }
	/* $Id: tty.c,v 1.61 2009-01-18 21:46:30 nicm Exp $ */

	/*
	* Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicm@users.sourceforge.net>
	*
	* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
	* purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
	* copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
	*
	* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
	* WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
	* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
	* ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
	* WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
	* IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
	* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
	*/

	#include <sys/types.h>
	#include <sys/ioctl.h>

	#include <errno.h>
	#include <fcntl.h>
	#include <string.h>
	#include <termios.h>
	#include <unistd.h>

	#include "tmux.h"

	void tty_fill_acs(struct tty *);
	u_char tty_get_acs(struct tty *, u_char);

	void tty_emulate_repeat(
	struct tty *, enum tty_code_code, enum tty_code_code, u_int);

	void tty_raw(struct tty , const char );

	void tty_reset(struct tty *);
	void tty_region(struct tty , struct screen , u_int);
	void tty_attributes(struct tty , const struct grid_cell );
	void tty_attributes_fg(struct tty , const struct grid_cell );
	void tty_attributes_bg(struct tty , const struct grid_cell );

	void tty_cmd_bell(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_carriagereturn(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_cell(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_clearendofline(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_clearendofscreen(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_clearline(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_clearscreen(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_clearstartofline(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_clearstartofscreen(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_cursormode(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_deletecharacter(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_deleteline(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_insertcharacter(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_insertline(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_insertmode(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_kcursormode(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_kkeypadmode(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_linefeed(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_mousemode(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);
	void tty_cmd_reverseindex(struct tty , struct screen , u_int, va_list);

	void (tty_cmds[])(struct tty , struct screen *, u_int, va_list) = {
	tty_cmd_cell,
	tty_cmd_clearendofline,
	tty_cmd_clearendofscreen,
	tty_cmd_clearline,
	tty_cmd_clearscreen,
	tty_cmd_clearstartofline,
	tty_cmd_clearstartofscreen,
	tty_cmd_cursormode,
	tty_cmd_deletecharacter,
	tty_cmd_deleteline,
	tty_cmd_insertcharacter,
	tty_cmd_insertline,
	tty_cmd_insertmode,
	tty_cmd_kcursormode,
	tty_cmd_kkeypadmode,
	tty_cmd_linefeed,
	tty_cmd_mousemode,
	tty_cmd_reverseindex,
	};

	void
	tty_init(struct tty tty, char path, char *term)
	{
	tty->path = xstrdup(path);
	if (term == NULL)
	tty->termname = xstrdup("unknown");
	else
	tty->termname = xstrdup(term);
	tty->flags = 0;
	tty->term_flags = 0;
	}

	int
	tty_open(struct tty tty, char *cause)
	{
	int mode;

	tty->fd = open(tty->path, O_RDWR\|O_NONBLOCK);
	if (tty->fd == -1) {
	xasprintf(cause, "%s: %s", tty->path, strerror(errno));
	return (-1);
	}

	if ((mode = fcntl(tty->fd, F_GETFL)) == -1)
	fatal("fcntl");
	if (fcntl(tty->fd, F_SETFL, mode\|O_NONBLOCK) == -1)
	fatal("fcntl");

	if (debug_level > 3)
	tty->log_fd = open("tmux.out", O_WRONLY\|O_CREAT\|O_TRUNC, 0644);
	else
	tty->log_fd = -1;

	if ((tty->term = tty_term_find(tty->termname, tty->fd, cause)) == NULL)
	goto error;

	tty->in = buffer_create(BUFSIZ);
	tty->out = buffer_create(BUFSIZ);

	tty->flags &= TTY_UTF8;

	tty_start_tty(tty);

	tty_keys_init(tty);

	tty_fill_acs(tty);

	return (0);

	error:
	close(tty->fd);
	tty->fd = -1;

	return (-1);
	}

	void
	tty_start_tty(struct tty *tty)
	{
	struct termios tio;
	#ifdef TIOCFLUSH
	int what;
	#endif

	if (tcgetattr(tty->fd, &tty->tio) != 0)
	fatal("tcgetattr failed");
	memcpy(&tio, &tty->tio, sizeof tio);
	tio.c_iflag &= ~(IXON\|IXOFF\|ICRNL\|INLCR\|IGNCR\|IMAXBEL\|ISTRIP);
	tio.c_iflag \|= IGNBRK;
	tio.c_oflag &= ~(OPOST\|ONLCR\|OCRNL\|ONLRET);
	tio.c_lflag &= ~(IEXTEN\|ICANON\|ECHO\|ECHOE\|ECHONL\|ECHOCTL\|
	ECHOPRT\|ECHOKE\|ECHOCTL\|ISIG);
	tio.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
	tio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
	if (tcsetattr(tty->fd, TCSANOW, &tio) != 0)
	fatal("tcsetattr failed");

	#ifdef TIOCFLUSH
	what = 0;
	if (ioctl(tty->fd, TIOCFLUSH, &what) != 0)
	fatal("ioctl(TIOCFLUSH)");
	#endif

	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_IS1);
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_IS2);
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_IS3);

	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMCUP);
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMKX);
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_ENACS);
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_CLEAR);

	memcpy(&tty->cell, &grid_default_cell, sizeof tty->cell);

	tty->cx = UINT_MAX;
	tty->cy = UINT_MAX;

	tty->rlower = UINT_MAX;
	tty->rupper = UINT_MAX;
	}

	void
	tty_stop_tty(struct tty *tty)
	{
	struct winsize ws;

	/*
	* Be flexible about error handling and try not kill the server just
	* because the fd is invalid. Things like ssh -t can easily leave us
	* with a dead tty.
	*/
	if (ioctl(tty->fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) {
	if (errno != EBADF && errno != ENXIO && errno != ENOTTY)
	fatal("ioctl(TIOCGWINSZ)");
	} else if (tcsetattr(tty->fd, TCSANOW, &tty->tio) == -1) {
	if (errno != EBADF && errno != ENXIO && errno != ENOTTY)
	fatal("tcsetattr failed");
	} else {
	tty_raw(tty,
	tty_term_string2(tty->term, TTYC_CSR, 0, ws.ws_row - 1));
	tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_RMACS));
	tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_SGR0));
	tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_CLEAR));
	tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_RMKX));
	tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_RMCUP));
	tty_raw(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_CNORM));
	}
	}

	void
	tty_fill_acs(struct tty *tty)
	{
	const char *ptr;

	memset(tty->acs, 0, sizeof tty->acs);
	if (!tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_ACSC))
	return;

	ptr = tty_term_string(tty->term, TTYC_ACSC);
	if (strlen(ptr) % 2 != 0)
	return;
	for (; *ptr != '\0'; ptr += 2)
	tty->acs[(u_char) ptr[0]] = ptr[1];
	}

	u_char
	tty_get_acs(struct tty *tty, u_char ch)
	{
	if (tty->acs[ch] != '\0')
	return (tty->acs[ch]);
	return (ch);
	}

	void
	tty_close(struct tty *tty, int no_stop)
	{
	if (tty->fd == -1)
	return;

	if (tty->log_fd != -1) {
	close(tty->log_fd);
	tty->log_fd = -1;
	}

	if (!no_stop)
	tty_stop_tty(tty);

	tty_term_free(tty->term);
	tty_keys_free(tty);

	close(tty->fd);
	tty->fd = -1;

	buffer_destroy(tty->in);
	buffer_destroy(tty->out);
	}

	void
	tty_free(struct tty *tty, int no_stop)
	{
	tty_close(tty, no_stop);

	if (tty->path != NULL)
	xfree(tty->path);
	if (tty->termname != NULL)
	xfree(tty->termname);
	}

	void
	tty_raw(struct tty tty, const char s)
	{
	write(tty->fd, s, strlen(s));
	}

	void
	tty_putcode(struct tty *tty, enum tty_code_code code)
	{
	tty_puts(tty, tty_term_string(tty->term, code));
	}

	void
	tty_putcode1(struct tty *tty, enum tty_code_code code, int a)
	{
	if (a < 0)
	return;
	tty_puts(tty, tty_term_string1(tty->term, code, a));
	}

	void
	tty_putcode2(struct tty *tty, enum tty_code_code code, int a, int b)
	{
	if (a < 0 \|\| b < 0)
	return;
	tty_puts(tty, tty_term_string2(tty->term, code, a, b));
	}

	void
	tty_puts(struct tty tty, const char s)
	{
	if (*s == '\0')
	return;
	buffer_write(tty->out, s, strlen(s));

	if (tty->log_fd != -1)
	write(tty->log_fd, s, strlen(s));
	}

	void
	tty_putc(struct tty *tty, char ch)
	{
	if (tty->cell.attr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)
	ch = tty_get_acs(tty, ch);
	buffer_write8(tty->out, ch);

	if (ch >= 0x20)
	tty->cx++; /* This is right most of the time. */

	if (tty->log_fd != -1)
	write(tty->log_fd, &ch, 1);
	}

	void
	tty_set_title(struct tty tty, const char title)
	{
	if (strstr(tty->termname, "xterm") == NULL &&
	strstr(tty->termname, "rxvt") == NULL &&
	strcmp(tty->termname, "screen") != 0)
	return;

	tty_puts(tty, "\033]0;");
	tty_puts(tty, title);
	tty_putc(tty, '\007');
	}

	void
	tty_emulate_repeat(
	struct tty *tty, enum tty_code_code code, enum tty_code_code code1, u_int n)
	{
	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, code))
	tty_putcode1(tty, code, n);
	else {
	while (n-- > 0)
	tty_putcode(tty, code1);
	}
	}

	void
	tty_write(struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, enum tty_cmd cmd, ...)
	{
	va_list ap;

	va_start(ap, cmd);
	tty_vwrite(tty, s, oy, cmd, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	}

	void
	tty_vwrite(
	struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, enum tty_cmd cmd, va_list ap)
	{
	if (tty->flags & TTY_FREEZE \|\| tty->term == NULL)
	return;
	if (tty_cmds[cmd] != NULL)
	tty_cmds[cmd](tty, s, oy, ap);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_insertcharacter(
	struct tty tty, unused struct screen s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
	{
	u_int ua;

	ua = va_arg(ap, u_int);

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_ICH) \|\|
	tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_ICH1))
	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_ICH, TTYC_ICH1, ua);
	else {
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMIR);
	while (ua-- > 0)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_RMIR);
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	}
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_deletecharacter(
	struct tty tty, unused struct screen s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
	{
	u_int ua;

	ua = va_arg(ap, u_int);

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_DCH, TTYC_DCH1, ua);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_insertline(
	struct tty tty, unused struct screen s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
	{
	u_int ua;

	ua = va_arg(ap, u_int);

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_region(tty, s, oy);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_IL, TTYC_IL1, ua);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_deleteline(
	struct tty tty, unused struct screen s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
	{
	u_int ua;

	ua = va_arg(ap, u_int);

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_region(tty, s, oy);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_DL, TTYC_DL1, ua);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_clearline(
	struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	u_int i;

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL)) {
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, 0);
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	} else {
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, 0);
	for (i = 0; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	}
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_clearendofline(
	struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	u_int i;

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL))
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
	else {
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	for (i = s->cx; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	}
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_clearstartofline(
	struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	u_int i;

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL1))
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL1);
	else {
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, 0);
	for (i = 0; i < s->cx + 1; i++)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	}
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_cursormode(
	struct tty tty, unused struct screen s, unused u_int oy, va_list ap)
	{
	int ua;

	ua = va_arg(ap, int);

	if (tty->cursor == ua)
	return;
	tty->cursor = ua;

	if (ua && !(tty->flags & TTY_NOCURSOR))
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_CNORM);
	else
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_CIVIS);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_reverseindex(
	struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_region(tty, s, oy);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_RI);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_insertmode(unused struct tty *tty,
	unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, va_list ap)
	{
	int ua;

	ua = va_arg(ap, int);

	#if 0
	/* XXX */
	if (ua)
	tty_puts(tty, enter_insert_mode);
	else
	tty_puts(tty, exit_insert_mode);
	#endif
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_mousemode(
	struct tty tty, unused struct screen s, unused u_int oy, va_list ap)
	{
	int ua;

	if (!tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_KMOUS))
	return;

	ua = va_arg(ap, int);

	if (ua)
	tty_puts(tty, "\033[?1000h");
	else
	tty_puts(tty, "\033[?1000l");
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_kcursormode(unused struct tty *tty,
	unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_kkeypadmode(unused struct tty *tty,
	unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_linefeed(struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_region(tty, s, oy);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	tty_putc(tty, '\n');
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_bell(struct tty *tty,
	unused struct screen *s, unused u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_BEL);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_clearendofscreen(
	struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	u_int i, j;

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL)) {
	for (i = oy + s->cy; i < oy + screen_size_y(s); i++) {
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
	if (i != screen_size_y(s) - 1)
	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_CUD, TTYC_CUD1, 1);
	}
	} else {
	for (i = s->cx; i < screen_size_y(s); i++)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	for (j = oy + s->cy; j < oy + screen_size_y(s); j++) {
	for (i = 0; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	}
	}
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_clearstartofscreen(
	struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	u_int i, j;

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy, 0);
	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL)) {
	for (i = 0; i < oy + s->cy; i++) {
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_CUD, TTYC_CUD1, 1);
	}
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, 0);
	} else {
	for (j = 0; j < oy + s->cy; j++) {
	for (i = 0; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	}
	}
	for (i = 0; i < s->cx; i++)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_clearscreen(
	struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, unused va_list ap)
	{
	u_int i, j;

	tty_reset(tty);
	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy, 0);
	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_EL)) {
	for (i = 0; i < screen_size_y(s); i++) {
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_EL);
	if (i != screen_size_y(s) - 1)
	tty_emulate_repeat(tty, TTYC_CUD, TTYC_CUD1, 1);
	}
	} else {
	for (j = 0; j < screen_size_y(s); j++) {
	for (i = 0; i < screen_size_x(s); i++)
	tty_putc(tty, ' ');
	}
	}
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, oy + s->cy, s->cx);
	}

	void
	tty_cmd_cell(struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy, va_list ap)
	{
	struct grid_cell *gc;
	u_int i, width;
	u_char out[4];

	tty_cursor(tty, s->cx, s->cy, oy);

	gc = va_arg(ap, struct grid_cell *);

	/* If this is a padding character, do nothing. */
	if (gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_PADDING)
	return;

	/* Set the attributes. */
	tty_attributes(tty, gc);

	/* If not UTF-8, write directly. */
	if (!(gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_UTF8)) {
	if (gc->data > 0xff \|\| gc->data < 0x20 \|\| gc->data == 0x7f)
	return;
	tty_putc(tty, gc->data);
	return;
	}

	/* If the terminal doesn't support UTF-8, write underscores. */
	if (!(tty->flags & TTY_UTF8)) {
	width = utf8_width(gc->data);
	while (width-- > 0)
	tty_putc(tty, '_');
	return;
	}

	/* Otherwise, unpack UTF-8 and write it. */
	utf8_split(gc->data, out);
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
	if (out[i] == 0xff)
	break;
	tty_putc(tty, out[i]);
	}
	}

	void
	tty_reset(struct tty *tty)
	{
	struct grid_cell *tc = &tty->cell;

	tc->data = grid_default_cell.data;
	if (memcmp(tc, &grid_default_cell, sizeof *tc) == 0)
	return;

	if (tty_term_has(tty->term, TTYC_RMACS) && tc->attr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_RMACS);
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SGR0);
	memcpy(tc, &grid_default_cell, sizeof *tc);
	}

	void
	tty_region(struct tty tty, struct screen s, u_int oy)
	{
	if (tty->rlower != oy + s->rlower \|\| tty->rupper != oy + s->rupper) {
	tty->rlower = oy + s->rlower;
	tty->rupper = oy + s->rupper;
	tty->cx = 0;
	tty->cy = 0;
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CSR, tty->rupper, tty->rlower);
	}
	}

	void
	tty_cursor(struct tty *tty, u_int cx, u_int cy, u_int oy)
	{
	if (cx == 0 && tty->cx != 0 && tty->cy == oy + cy) {
	tty->cx = 0;
	tty_putc(tty, '\r');
	} else if (tty->cx != cx \|\| tty->cy != oy + cy) {
	tty->cx = cx;
	tty->cy = oy + cy;
	tty_putcode2(tty, TTYC_CUP, tty->cy, tty->cx);
	}
	}

	void
	tty_attributes(struct tty tty, const struct grid_cell gc)
	{
	struct grid_cell *tc = &tty->cell;
	u_char changed;

	/* If any bits are being cleared, reset everything. */
	if (tc->attr & ~gc->attr)
	tty_reset(tty);

	/* Filter out attribute bits already set. */
	changed = gc->attr & ~tc->attr;
	tc->attr = gc->attr;

	/* Set the attributes. */
	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_BOLD);
	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_DIM)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_DIM);
	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_ITALICS)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMSO);
	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_UNDERSCORE)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMUL);
	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_BLINK)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_BLINK);
	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_REVERSE)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_REV);
	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_HIDDEN)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_INVIS);
	if (changed & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMACS);

	/* Set foreground colour. */
	if (gc->fg != tc->fg \|\|
	(gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_FG256) != (tc->flags & GRID_FLAG_FG256)) {
	tty_attributes_fg(tty, gc);
	tc->fg = gc->fg;
	}

	/* Set background colour. */
	if (gc->bg != tc->bg \|\|
	(gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_BG256) != (tc->flags & GRID_FLAG_BG256)) {
	tty_attributes_bg(tty, gc);
	tc->bg = gc->bg;
	}
	}

	void
	tty_attributes_fg(struct tty tty, const struct grid_cell gc)
	{
	char s[32];
	u_char fg = gc->fg;

	if (gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_FG256) {
	if ((tty->term->flags & TERM_256COLOURS) \|\|
	(tty->term_flags & TERM_256COLOURS)) {
	xsnprintf(s, sizeof s, "\033[38;5;%hhum", fg);
	tty_puts(tty, s);
	return;
	}
	fg = colour_translate256(fg);
	if (fg & 8) {
	fg &= 7;
	tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_BOLD);
	tty->cell.attr \|= GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT;
	} else if (tty->cell.attr & GRID_ATTR_BRIGHT)
	tty_reset(tty);
	}

	if (fg == 8 &&
	!(tty->term->flags & TERM_HASDEFAULTS) &&
	!(tty->term_flags & TERM_HASDEFAULTS))
	fg = 7;
	if (fg == 8)
	tty_puts(tty, "\033[39m");
	else
	tty_putcode1(tty, TTYC_SETAF, fg);
	}

	void
	tty_attributes_bg(struct tty tty, const struct grid_cell gc)
	{
	char s[32];
	u_char bg = gc->bg;

	if (gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_BG256) {
	if ((tty->term->flags & TERM_256COLOURS) \|\|
	(tty->term_flags & TERM_256COLOURS)) {
	xsnprintf(s, sizeof s, "\033[48;5;%hhum", bg);
	tty_puts(tty, s);
	return;
	}
	bg = colour_translate256(bg);
	if (bg & 8) {
	/*
	* Bold background; can't do this on standard
	* terminals...
	*/
	#if 0
	xsnprintf(s, sizeof s, "\033[%hhum", 92 + bg);
	tty_puts(tty, s);
	return;
	#endif
	bg &= 7;
	}
	}

	if (bg == 8 &&
	!(tty->term->flags & TERM_HASDEFAULTS) &&
	!(tty->term_flags & TERM_HASDEFAULTS))
	bg = 0;
	if (bg == 8)
	tty_puts(tty, "\033[49m");
	else
	tty_putcode1(tty, TTYC_SETAB, bg);
	}