blob: d084ad5cf559aaba9075989d79deded991cf8ba1 [file] [log] [blame] [raw]
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "alloc-util.h"
#include "capability-util.h"
#include "cap-list.h"
#include "fileio.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "macro.h"
#include "missing_prctl.h"
#include "parse-util.h"
#include "user-util.h"
#include "util.h"
int have_effective_cap(int value) {
_cleanup_cap_free_ cap_t cap;
cap_flag_value_t fv;
cap = cap_get_proc();
if (!cap)
return -errno;
if (cap_get_flag(cap, value, CAP_EFFECTIVE, &fv) < 0)
return -errno;
return fv == CAP_SET;
}
unsigned long cap_last_cap(void) {
static thread_local unsigned long saved;
static thread_local bool valid = false;
_cleanup_free_ char *content = NULL;
unsigned long p = 0;
int r;
if (valid)
return saved;
/* available since linux-3.2 */
r = read_one_line_file("/proc/sys/kernel/cap_last_cap", &content);
if (r >= 0) {
r = safe_atolu(content, &p);
if (r >= 0) {
if (p > 63) /* Safety for the future: if one day the kernel learns more than 64 caps,
* then we are in trouble (since we, as much userspace and kernel space
* store capability masks in uint64_t types). Let's hence protect
* ourselves against that and always cap at 63 for now. */
p = 63;
saved = p;
valid = true;
return p;
}
}
/* fall back to syscall-probing for pre linux-3.2 */
p = MIN((unsigned long) CAP_LAST_CAP, 63U);
if (prctl(PR_CAPBSET_READ, p) < 0) {
/* Hmm, look downwards, until we find one that works */
for (p--; p > 0; p --)
if (prctl(PR_CAPBSET_READ, p) >= 0)
break;
} else {
/* Hmm, look upwards, until we find one that doesn't work */
for (; p < 63; p++)
if (prctl(PR_CAPBSET_READ, p+1) < 0)
break;
}
saved = p;
valid = true;
return p;
}
int capability_update_inherited_set(cap_t caps, uint64_t set) {
unsigned long i;
/* Add capabilities in the set to the inherited caps. Do not apply
* them yet. */
for (i = 0; i <= cap_last_cap(); i++) {
if (set & (UINT64_C(1) << i)) {
cap_value_t v;
v = (cap_value_t) i;
/* Make the capability inheritable. */
if (cap_set_flag(caps, CAP_INHERITABLE, 1, &v, CAP_SET) < 0)
return -errno;
}
}
return 0;
}
int capability_ambient_set_apply(uint64_t set, bool also_inherit) {
_cleanup_cap_free_ cap_t caps = NULL;
unsigned long i;
int r;
/* Add the capabilities to the ambient set. */
if (also_inherit) {
caps = cap_get_proc();
if (!caps)
return -errno;
r = capability_update_inherited_set(caps, set);
if (r < 0)
return -errno;
if (cap_set_proc(caps) < 0)
return -errno;
}
for (i = 0; i <= cap_last_cap(); i++) {
if (set & (UINT64_C(1) << i)) {
/* Add the capability to the ambient set. */
if (prctl(PR_CAP_AMBIENT, PR_CAP_AMBIENT_RAISE, i, 0, 0) < 0)
return -errno;
}
}
return 0;
}
int capability_bounding_set_drop(uint64_t keep, bool right_now) {
_cleanup_cap_free_ cap_t before_cap = NULL, after_cap = NULL;
cap_flag_value_t fv;
unsigned long i;
int r;
/* If we are run as PID 1 we will lack CAP_SETPCAP by default
* in the effective set (yes, the kernel drops that when
* executing init!), so get it back temporarily so that we can
* call PR_CAPBSET_DROP. */
before_cap = cap_get_proc();
if (!before_cap)
return -errno;
if (cap_get_flag(before_cap, CAP_SETPCAP, CAP_EFFECTIVE, &fv) < 0)
return -errno;
if (fv != CAP_SET) {
_cleanup_cap_free_ cap_t temp_cap = NULL;
static const cap_value_t v = CAP_SETPCAP;
temp_cap = cap_dup(before_cap);
if (!temp_cap)
return -errno;
if (cap_set_flag(temp_cap, CAP_EFFECTIVE, 1, &v, CAP_SET) < 0)
return -errno;
if (cap_set_proc(temp_cap) < 0)
log_debug_errno(errno, "Can't acquire effective CAP_SETPCAP bit, ignoring: %m");
/* If we didn't manage to acquire the CAP_SETPCAP bit, we continue anyway, after all this just means
* we'll fail later, when we actually intend to drop some capabilities. */
}
after_cap = cap_dup(before_cap);
if (!after_cap)
return -errno;
for (i = 0; i <= cap_last_cap(); i++) {
cap_value_t v;
if ((keep & (UINT64_C(1) << i)))
continue;
/* Drop it from the bounding set */
if (prctl(PR_CAPBSET_DROP, i) < 0) {
r = -errno;
/* If dropping the capability failed, let's see if we didn't have it in the first place. If so,
* continue anyway, as dropping a capability we didn't have in the first place doesn't really
* matter anyway. */
if (prctl(PR_CAPBSET_READ, i) != 0)
goto finish;
}
v = (cap_value_t) i;
/* Also drop it from the inheritable set, so
* that anything we exec() loses the
* capability for good. */
if (cap_set_flag(after_cap, CAP_INHERITABLE, 1, &v, CAP_CLEAR) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
/* If we shall apply this right now drop it
* also from our own capability sets. */
if (right_now) {
if (cap_set_flag(after_cap, CAP_PERMITTED, 1, &v, CAP_CLEAR) < 0 ||
cap_set_flag(after_cap, CAP_EFFECTIVE, 1, &v, CAP_CLEAR) < 0) {
r = -errno;
goto finish;
}
}
}
r = 0;
finish:
if (cap_set_proc(after_cap) < 0) {
/* If there are no actual changes anyway then let's ignore this error. */
if (cap_compare(before_cap, after_cap) != 0)
r = -errno;
}
return r;
}
static int drop_from_file(const char *fn, uint64_t keep) {
_cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
uint64_t current, after;
uint32_t hi, lo;
int r, k;
r = read_one_line_file(fn, &p);
if (r < 0)
return r;
k = sscanf(p, "%" PRIu32 " %" PRIu32, &lo, &hi);
if (k != 2)
return -EIO;
current = (uint64_t) lo | ((uint64_t) hi << 32);
after = current & keep;
if (current == after)
return 0;
lo = after & UINT32_C(0xFFFFFFFF);
hi = (after >> 32) & UINT32_C(0xFFFFFFFF);
return write_string_filef(fn, 0, "%" PRIu32 " %" PRIu32, lo, hi);
}
int capability_bounding_set_drop_usermode(uint64_t keep) {
int r;
r = drop_from_file("/proc/sys/kernel/usermodehelper/inheritable", keep);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = drop_from_file("/proc/sys/kernel/usermodehelper/bset", keep);
if (r < 0)
return r;
return r;
}
int drop_privileges(uid_t uid, gid_t gid, uint64_t keep_capabilities) {
int r;
/* Unfortunately we cannot leave privilege dropping to PID 1 here, since we want to run as user but
* want to keep some capabilities. Since file capabilities have been introduced this cannot be done
* across exec() anymore, unless our binary has the capability configured in the file system, which
* we want to avoid. */
if (setresgid(gid, gid, gid) < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change group ID: %m");
r = maybe_setgroups(0, NULL);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to drop auxiliary groups list: %m");
/* Ensure we keep the permitted caps across the setresuid(). Note that we do this even if we actually
* don't want to keep any capabilities, since we want to be able to drop them from the bounding set
* too, and we can only do that if we have capabilities. */
if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1) < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to enable keep capabilities flag: %m");
if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change user ID: %m");
if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 0) < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to disable keep capabilities flag: %m");
/* Drop all caps from the bounding set (as well as the inheritable/permitted/effective sets), except
* the ones we want to keep */
r = capability_bounding_set_drop(keep_capabilities, true);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to drop capabilities: %m");
/* Now upgrade the permitted caps we still kept to effective caps */
if (keep_capabilities != 0) {
cap_value_t bits[u64log2(keep_capabilities) + 1];
_cleanup_cap_free_ cap_t d = NULL;
unsigned i, j = 0;
d = cap_init();
if (!d)
return log_oom();
for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(bits); i++)
if (keep_capabilities & (1ULL << i))
bits[j++] = i;
/* use enough bits */
assert(i == 64 || (keep_capabilities >> i) == 0);
/* don't use too many bits */
assert(keep_capabilities & (UINT64_C(1) << (i - 1)));
if (cap_set_flag(d, CAP_EFFECTIVE, j, bits, CAP_SET) < 0 ||
cap_set_flag(d, CAP_PERMITTED, j, bits, CAP_SET) < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to enable capabilities bits: %m");
if (cap_set_proc(d) < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to increase capabilities: %m");
}
return 0;
}
int drop_capability(cap_value_t cv) {
_cleanup_cap_free_ cap_t tmp_cap = NULL;
tmp_cap = cap_get_proc();
if (!tmp_cap)
return -errno;
if ((cap_set_flag(tmp_cap, CAP_INHERITABLE, 1, &cv, CAP_CLEAR) < 0) ||
(cap_set_flag(tmp_cap, CAP_PERMITTED, 1, &cv, CAP_CLEAR) < 0) ||
(cap_set_flag(tmp_cap, CAP_EFFECTIVE, 1, &cv, CAP_CLEAR) < 0))
return -errno;
if (cap_set_proc(tmp_cap) < 0)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
bool ambient_capabilities_supported(void) {
static int cache = -1;
if (cache >= 0)
return cache;
/* If PR_CAP_AMBIENT returns something valid, or an unexpected error code we assume that ambient caps are
* available. */
cache = prctl(PR_CAP_AMBIENT, PR_CAP_AMBIENT_IS_SET, CAP_KILL, 0, 0) >= 0 ||
!IN_SET(errno, EINVAL, EOPNOTSUPP, ENOSYS);
return cache;
}
bool capability_quintet_mangle(CapabilityQuintet *q) {
unsigned long i;
uint64_t combined, drop = 0;
bool ambient_supported;
assert(q);
combined = q->effective | q->bounding | q->inheritable | q->permitted;
ambient_supported = q->ambient != (uint64_t) -1;
if (ambient_supported)
combined |= q->ambient;
for (i = 0; i <= cap_last_cap(); i++) {
unsigned long bit = UINT64_C(1) << i;
if (!FLAGS_SET(combined, bit))
continue;
if (prctl(PR_CAPBSET_READ, i) > 0)
continue;
drop |= bit;
log_debug("Not in the current bounding set: %s", capability_to_name(i));
}
q->effective &= ~drop;
q->bounding &= ~drop;
q->inheritable &= ~drop;
q->permitted &= ~drop;
if (ambient_supported)
q->ambient &= ~drop;
return drop != 0; /* Let the caller know we changed something */
}
int capability_quintet_enforce(const CapabilityQuintet *q) {
_cleanup_cap_free_ cap_t c = NULL, modified = NULL;
int r;
if (q->ambient != (uint64_t) -1) {
unsigned long i;
bool changed = false;
c = cap_get_proc();
if (!c)
return -errno;
/* In order to raise the ambient caps set we first need to raise the matching inheritable + permitted
* cap */
for (i = 0; i <= cap_last_cap(); i++) {
uint64_t m = UINT64_C(1) << i;
cap_value_t cv = (cap_value_t) i;
cap_flag_value_t old_value_inheritable, old_value_permitted;
if ((q->ambient & m) == 0)
continue;
if (cap_get_flag(c, cv, CAP_INHERITABLE, &old_value_inheritable) < 0)
return -errno;
if (cap_get_flag(c, cv, CAP_PERMITTED, &old_value_permitted) < 0)
return -errno;
if (old_value_inheritable == CAP_SET && old_value_permitted == CAP_SET)
continue;
if (cap_set_flag(c, CAP_INHERITABLE, 1, &cv, CAP_SET) < 0)
return -errno;
if (cap_set_flag(c, CAP_PERMITTED, 1, &cv, CAP_SET) < 0)
return -errno;
changed = true;
}
if (changed)
if (cap_set_proc(c) < 0)
return -errno;
r = capability_ambient_set_apply(q->ambient, false);
if (r < 0)
return r;
}
if (q->inheritable != (uint64_t) -1 || q->permitted != (uint64_t) -1 || q->effective != (uint64_t) -1) {
bool changed = false;
unsigned long i;
if (!c) {
c = cap_get_proc();
if (!c)
return -errno;
}
for (i = 0; i <= cap_last_cap(); i++) {
uint64_t m = UINT64_C(1) << i;
cap_value_t cv = (cap_value_t) i;
if (q->inheritable != (uint64_t) -1) {
cap_flag_value_t old_value, new_value;
if (cap_get_flag(c, cv, CAP_INHERITABLE, &old_value) < 0) {
if (errno == EINVAL) /* If the kernel knows more caps than this
* version of libcap, then this will return
* EINVAL. In that case, simply ignore it,
* pretend it doesn't exist. */
continue;
return -errno;
}
new_value = (q->inheritable & m) ? CAP_SET : CAP_CLEAR;
if (old_value != new_value) {
changed = true;
if (cap_set_flag(c, CAP_INHERITABLE, 1, &cv, new_value) < 0)
return -errno;
}
}
if (q->permitted != (uint64_t) -1) {
cap_flag_value_t old_value, new_value;
if (cap_get_flag(c, cv, CAP_PERMITTED, &old_value) < 0) {
if (errno == EINVAL)
continue;
return -errno;
}
new_value = (q->permitted & m) ? CAP_SET : CAP_CLEAR;
if (old_value != new_value) {
changed = true;
if (cap_set_flag(c, CAP_PERMITTED, 1, &cv, new_value) < 0)
return -errno;
}
}
if (q->effective != (uint64_t) -1) {
cap_flag_value_t old_value, new_value;
if (cap_get_flag(c, cv, CAP_EFFECTIVE, &old_value) < 0) {
if (errno == EINVAL)
continue;
return -errno;
}
new_value = (q->effective & m) ? CAP_SET : CAP_CLEAR;
if (old_value != new_value) {
changed = true;
if (cap_set_flag(c, CAP_EFFECTIVE, 1, &cv, new_value) < 0)
return -errno;
}
}
}
if (changed) {
/* In order to change the bounding caps, we need to keep CAP_SETPCAP for a bit
* longer. Let's add it to our list hence for now. */
if (q->bounding != (uint64_t) -1) {
cap_value_t cv = CAP_SETPCAP;
modified = cap_dup(c);
if (!modified)
return -ENOMEM;
if (cap_set_flag(modified, CAP_PERMITTED, 1, &cv, CAP_SET) < 0)
return -errno;
if (cap_set_flag(modified, CAP_EFFECTIVE, 1, &cv, CAP_SET) < 0)
return -errno;
if (cap_compare(modified, c) == 0) {
/* No change? then drop this nonsense again */
cap_free(modified);
modified = NULL;
}
}
/* Now, let's enforce the caps for the first time. Note that this is where we acquire
* caps in any of the sets we currently don't have. We have to do this before
* dropping the bounding caps below, since at that point we can never acquire new
* caps in inherited/permitted/effective anymore, but only lose them. */
if (cap_set_proc(modified ?: c) < 0)
return -errno;
}
}
if (q->bounding != (uint64_t) -1) {
r = capability_bounding_set_drop(q->bounding, false);
if (r < 0)
return r;
}
/* If needed, let's now set the caps again, this time in the final version, which differs from what
* we have already set only in the CAP_SETPCAP bit, which we needed for dropping the bounding
* bits. This call only undoes bits and doesn't acquire any which means the bounding caps don't
* matter. */
if (modified)
if (cap_set_proc(c) < 0)
return -errno;
return 0;
}