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| Copyright 2012 Lennart Poettering |
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| |
| <refentry id="kernel-command-line"> |
| |
| <refentryinfo> |
| <title>kernel-command-line</title> |
| <productname>systemd</productname> |
| |
| <authorgroup> |
| <author> |
| <contrib>Developer</contrib> |
| <firstname>Lennart</firstname> |
| <surname>Poettering</surname> |
| <email>lennart@poettering.net</email> |
| </author> |
| </authorgroup> |
| </refentryinfo> |
| |
| <refmeta> |
| <refentrytitle>kernel-command-line</refentrytitle> |
| <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> |
| </refmeta> |
| |
| <refnamediv> |
| <refname>kernel-command-line</refname> |
| <refpurpose>Kernel command line parameters</refpurpose> |
| </refnamediv> |
| |
| <refsynopsisdiv> |
| <para><filename>/proc/cmdline</filename></para> |
| </refsynopsisdiv> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>Description</title> |
| |
| <para>The kernel, the initial RAM disk (initrd) and |
| basic userspace functionality may be configured at boot via |
| kernel command line arguments.</para> |
| |
| <para>For command line parameters understood by the kernel, please |
| see <ulink |
| url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt"><filename>kernel-parameters.txt</filename></ulink> |
| and |
| <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>bootparam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| |
| <para>For command line parameters understood by the initial RAM |
| disk, please see |
| <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>dracut.cmdline</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| or the documentation of the specific initrd implementation of your |
| installation.</para> |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>Core OS Command Line Arguments</title> |
| |
| <variablelist class='kernel-commandline-options'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>systemd.unit=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.systemd.unit=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.dump_core=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.crash_chvt=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.crash_shell=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.crash_reboot=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.confirm_spawn=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.show_status=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.log_target=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.log_level=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.log_color=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.log_location=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.default_standard_output=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.default_standard_error=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.setenv=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.machine_id=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameters understood by the system and service |
| manager to control system behavior. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>systemd.mask=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.wants=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.debug-shell</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Additional parameters understood by |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-debug-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| to mask or start specific units at boot, or invoke a debug |
| shell on tty9.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>systemd.restore_state=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>This parameter is understood by several system tools |
| to control whether or not they should restore system state |
| from the previous boot. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
| and |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-rfkill.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>quiet</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameter understood by both the kernel and the system |
| and service manager to control console log verbosity. For |
| details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>debug</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameter understood by both the kernel and the system |
| and service manager to control console log verbosity. For |
| details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>-b</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.emergency</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>emergency</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.rescue</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rescue</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>single</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>s</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>S</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>1</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>2</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>3</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>4</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>5</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameters understood by the system and service |
| manager, as compatibility and convenience options. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>locale.LANG=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LANGUAGE=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_CTYPE=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_NUMERIC=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_TIME=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_COLLATE=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_MONETARY=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_MESSAGES=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_PAPER=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_NAME=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_ADDRESS=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_TELEPHONE=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_MEASUREMENT=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>locale.LC_IDENTIFICATION=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameters understood by the system and service |
| manager to control locale and language settings. For |
| details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>fsck.mode=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>fsck.repair=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameters understood by the file system checker |
| services. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>quotacheck.mode=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameter understood by the file quota checker |
| service. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-quotacheck.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_console=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameters understood by the journal service. For |
| details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>vconsole.keymap=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>vconsole.keymap.toggle=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>vconsole.font=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>vconsole.font.map=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>vconsole.font.unimap=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameters understood by the virtual console setup |
| logic. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-vconsole-setup.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>udev.log-priority=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.udev.log-priority=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>udev.children-max=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.udev.children-max=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>udev.exec-delay=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.udev.exec-delay=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>udev.event-timeout=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.udev.event-timeout=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>net.ifnames=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Parameters understood by the device event managing |
| daemon. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>plymouth.enable=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>May be used to disable the Plymouth boot splash. For |
| details, see |
| <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>luks=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.luks=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>luks.crypttab=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.luks.crypttab=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>luks.name=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.luks.name=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>luks.uuid=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.luks.uuid=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>luks.options=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.luks.options=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>luks.key=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.luks.key=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Configures the LUKS full-disk encryption logic at |
| boot. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>fstab=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.fstab=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Configures the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> logic |
| at boot. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>root=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rootfstype=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rootflags=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>ro</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rw</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Configures the root file system and its file system |
| type and mount options, as well as whether it shall be |
| mounted read-only or read-writable initially. For details, |
| see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>systemd.gpt_auto=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.systemd.gpt_auto=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Configures whether GPT based partition auto-discovery |
| shall be attempted. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>systemd.default_timeout_start_sec=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Overwrites the default start job timeout <varname>DefaultTimeoutStartSec=</varname> at boot. For details, |
| see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>modules-load=</varname></term> |
| <term><varname>rd.modules-load=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Load a specific kernel module early at boot. For |
| details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>resume=</varname></term> |
| |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Enables resume from hibernation using the specified |
| device. All |
| <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>-like |
| paths are supported. For details, see |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| </variablelist> |
| |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>See Also</title> |
| <para> |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>bootparam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>dracut.cmdline</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-debug-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fsck@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-quotacheck.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-vconsole-setup.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-cryptsetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-fstab-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-gpt-auto-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-modules-load.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-backlight@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-rfkill.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-hibernate-resume-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
| </para> |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| </refentry> |