man/systemd-activate.xml

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<refentry id="systemd-activate"
          xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">

  <refentryinfo>
    <title>systemd-activate</title>
    <productname>systemd</productname>

    <authorgroup>
      <author>
        <contrib>Developer</contrib>
        <firstname>Zbigniew</firstname>
        <surname>Jędrzejewski-Szmek</surname>
        <email>zbyszek@in.waw.pl</email>
      </author>
    </authorgroup>
  </refentryinfo>

  <refmeta>
    <refentrytitle>systemd-activate</refentrytitle>
    <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
  </refmeta>

  <refnamediv>
    <refname>systemd-activate</refname>
    <refpurpose>Test socket activation of daemons</refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>

  <refsynopsisdiv>
    <cmdsynopsis>
      <command>/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-activate</command>
      <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
      <arg choice="plain"><replaceable>daemon</replaceable></arg>
      <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
    </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Description</title>

    <para><command>systemd-activate</command> may be used to launch a socket-activated service binary from the command
    line for testing purposes. It may also be used to launch individual instances of the service binary per connection.
    </para>

    <para>The daemon to launch and its options should be specified
    after options intended for <command>systemd-activate</command>.
    </para>

    <para>If the <option>--inetd</option> option is given, the socket file descriptor will be used as the standard
    input and output of the launched process. Otherwise, standard input and output will be inherited, and sockets will
    be passed through file descriptors 3 and higher. Sockets passed through <varname>$LISTEN_FDS</varname> to
    <command>systemd-activate</command> will be passed through to the daemon, in the original positions. Other sockets
    specified with <option>--listen=</option> will use consecutive descriptors.  By default,
    <command>systemd-activate</command> listens on a stream socket, use <option>--datagram</option> and
    <option>--seqpacket</option> to listen on datagram or sequential packet sockets instead (see below).
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Options</title>
    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-l <replaceable>address</replaceable></option></term>
        <term><option>--listen=<replaceable>address</replaceable></option></term>

        <listitem><para>Listen on this <replaceable>address</replaceable>.
        Takes a string like <literal>2000</literal> or
        <literal>127.0.0.1:2001</literal>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-a</option></term>
        <term><option>--accept</option></term>

        <listitem><para>Launch an instance of the service binary for each connection and pass the connection
        socket.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-d</option></term>
        <term><option>--datagram</option></term>

        <listitem><para>Listen on a datagram socket (<constant>SOCK_DGRAM</constant>), instead of a stream socket
        (<constant>SOCK_STREAM</constant>). May not be combined with <option>--seqpacket</option>.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--seqpacket</option></term>

        <listitem><para>Listen on a sequential packet socket (<constant>SOCK_SEQPACKET</constant>), instead of a stream
        socket (<constant>SOCK_STREAM</constant>). May not be combined with
        <option>--datagram</option>.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--inetd</option></term>

        <listitem><para>Use the inetd protocol for passing file descriptors, i.e. as standard input and standard
        output, instead of the new-style protocol for passing file descriptors using <varname>$LISTEN_FDS</varname>
        (see above).</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-E <replaceable>VAR</replaceable><optional>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable></optional></option></term>
        <term><option>--setenv=<replaceable>VAR</replaceable><optional>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable></optional></option></term>

        <listitem><para>Add this variable to the environment of the
        launched process. If <replaceable>VAR</replaceable> is
        followed by <literal>=</literal>, assume that it is a
        variable–value pair. Otherwise, obtain the value from the
        environment of <command>systemd-activate</command> itself.
        </para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>--fdname=</option><replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>

        <listitem><para>Specify a name for the activation file
        descriptors. This is equivalent to setting
        <varname>FileDescriptorName=</varname> in socket unit files, and
        enables use of
        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_listen_fds_with_names</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
      <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Environment variables</title>
    <variablelist class='environment-variables'>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><varname>$LISTEN_FDS</varname></term>
        <term><varname>$LISTEN_PID</varname></term>
        <term><varname>$LISTEN_FDNAMES</varname></term>

        <listitem><para>See
        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_listen_fds</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><varname>$SYSTEMD_LOG_TARGET</varname></term>
        <term><varname>$SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL</varname></term>
        <term><varname>$SYSTEMD_LOG_COLOR</varname></term>
        <term><varname>$SYSTEMD_LOG_LOCATION</varname></term>

        <listitem><para>Same as in
        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para></listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Examples</title>

    <example>
      <title>Run an echo server on port 2000</title>

      <programlisting>$ /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-activate -l 2000 --inetd -a cat</programlisting>
    </example>

    <example>
      <title>Run a socket-activated instance of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journal-gatewayd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry></title>

      <programlisting>$ /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-activate -l 19531 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journal-gatewayd</programlisting>
    </example>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>See Also</title>
    <para>
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_listen_fds</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_listen_fds_with_names</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>cat</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
    </para>
  </refsect1>
</refentry>