| <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*--> |
| <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" |
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| Copyright 2013 Tom Gundersen |
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| systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it |
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| |
| <refentry id="systemd.netdev" conditional='ENABLE_NETWORKD'> |
| |
| <refentryinfo> |
| <title>systemd.network</title> |
| <productname>systemd</productname> |
| |
| <authorgroup> |
| <author> |
| <contrib>Developer</contrib> |
| <firstname>Tom</firstname> |
| <surname>Gundersen</surname> |
| <email>teg@jklm.no</email> |
| </author> |
| </authorgroup> |
| </refentryinfo> |
| |
| <refmeta> |
| <refentrytitle>systemd.netdev</refentrytitle> |
| <manvolnum>5</manvolnum> |
| </refmeta> |
| |
| <refnamediv> |
| <refname>systemd.netdev</refname> |
| <refpurpose>Virtual Network Device configuration</refpurpose> |
| </refnamediv> |
| |
| <refsynopsisdiv> |
| <para><filename><replaceable>netdev</replaceable>.netdev</filename></para> |
| </refsynopsisdiv> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>Description</title> |
| |
| <para>Network setup is performed by |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. |
| </para> |
| |
| <para>Virtual Network Device files must have the extension |
| <filename>.netdev</filename>; other extensions are ignored. Virtual |
| network devices are created as soon as networkd is started.</para> |
| |
| <para>The <filename>.netdev</filename> files are read from the files located in the |
| system network directory <filename>/usr/lib/systemd/network</filename>, |
| the volatile runtime network directory |
| <filename>/run/systemd/network</filename> and the local administration |
| network directory <filename>/etc/systemd/network</filename>. |
| All configuration files are collectively sorted and processed in lexical order, |
| regardless of the directories in which they live. However, files with |
| identical filenames replace each other. Files in |
| <filename>/etc</filename> have the highest priority, files in |
| <filename>/run</filename> take precedence over files with the same |
| name in <filename>/usr/lib</filename>. This can be used to override a |
| system-supplied configuration file with a local file if needed; a symlink in |
| <filename>/etc</filename> with the same name as a configuration file in |
| <filename>/usr/lib</filename>, pointing to <filename>/dev/null</filename>, |
| disables the configuration file entirely.</para> |
| |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[Match] Section Options</title> |
| |
| <para>A virtual network device is only created if the |
| <literal>[Match]</literal> section matches the current |
| environment, or if the section is empty. The following keys are accepted:</para> |
| |
| <variablelist class='network-directives'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Host=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Matches against the hostname or machine ID of the |
| host. See <literal>ConditionHost=</literal> in |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
| for details. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Virtualization=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Checks whether the system is executed in a virtualized |
| environment and optionally test whether it is a specific |
| implementation. See <literal>ConditionVirtualization=</literal> in |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
| for details. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>KernelCommandLine=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Checks whether a specific kernel command line option is |
| set (or if prefixed with the exclamation mark unset). See |
| <literal>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</literal> in |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
| for details. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Architecture=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>Checks whether the system is running on a specific |
| architecture. See <literal>ConditionArchitecture=</literal> in |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
| for details. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| </variablelist> |
| |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[NetDev] Section Options</title> |
| |
| <para>The <literal>[NetDev]</literal> section accepts the following |
| keys:</para> |
| |
| <variablelist class='network-directives'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Description=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>A free-form description of the netdev. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Name=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The interface name used when creating the |
| netdev. This option is compulsory.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Kind=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The netdev kind. Currently, <literal>bridge</literal>, |
| <literal>bond</literal>, <literal>vlan</literal>, |
| <literal>macvlan</literal>, <literal>vxlan</literal>, |
| <literal>ipip</literal>, <literal>gre</literal>, |
| <literal>sit</literal>, <literal>vti</literal>, |
| <literal>veth</literal>, and <literal>dummy</literal> |
| are supported. This option is compulsory.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>MTUBytes=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The maximum transmission unit in bytes to |
| set for the device. The usual suffixes K, M, G, |
| are supported and are understood to the base of |
| 1024.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The MAC address to use for the device. |
| If none is given, one is generated based on |
| the interface name and the |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| </variablelist> |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[VLAN] Section Options</title> |
| |
| <para>The <literal>[VLAN]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind <literal>vlan</literal>, |
| and accepts the following key:</para> |
| |
| <variablelist class='network-directives'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Id=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The VLAN ID to use. An integer in the range 0–4094. |
| This option is compulsory.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| </variablelist> |
| |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[MACVLAN] Section Options</title> |
| |
| <para>The <literal>[MACVLAN]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind |
| <literal>macvlan</literal>, and accepts the following key:</para> |
| |
| <variablelist class='network-directives'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Mode=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The MACVLAN mode to use. The supported options are |
| <literal>private</literal>, <literal>vepa</literal>, |
| <literal>bridge</literal> and <literal>passthru</literal>. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| </variablelist> |
| |
| </refsect1> |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[VXLAN] Section Options</title> |
| <para>The <literal>[VXLAN]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind |
| <literal>vxlan</literal>, and accepts the following key:</para> |
| |
| <variablelist class='network-directives'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Id=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The VXLAN ID to use.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Group=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>An assigned multicast group IP address.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>TOS=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The Type Of Service byte value for a vxlan interface.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>TTL=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>A fixed Time To Live N on Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network packets. |
| N is a number in the range 1-255. 0 is a special value meaning that packets |
| inherit the TTL value.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>MacLearning=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>A boolean. When true, enables dynamic MAC learning |
| to discover remote MAC addresses.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| </variablelist> |
| </refsect1> |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[Tunnel] Section Options</title> |
| |
| <para>The <literal>[Tunnel]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind |
| <literal>ipip</literal>, <literal>sit</literal>, <literal>gre</literal> and |
| <literal>vti</literal> and accepts the following keys:</para> |
| |
| <variablelist class='network-directives'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Local=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>A static local address for tunneled packets. |
| It must be an address on another interface of this host.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Remote=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The remote endpoint of the tunnel.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>TOS=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The Type Of Service byte value for a tunnel interface. |
| For details about the TOS see the |
| <ulink url="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1349"> |
| Type of Service in the Internet Protocol Suite |
| </ulink> document. |
| </para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>TTL=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>A fixed Time To Live N on tunneled packets. |
| N is a number in the range 1-255. 0 is a special value meaning that packets |
| inherit the TTL value. The default value for IPv4 tunnels is: inherit. |
| The default value for IPv6 tunnels is: 64.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>DiscoverPathMTU=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>A boolean. When true, enables Path MTU Discovery on the tunnel.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| </variablelist> |
| </refsect1> |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[Peer] Section Options</title> |
| |
| <para>The <literal>[Peer]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind <literal>veth</literal> |
| and accepts the following key:</para> |
| |
| <variablelist class='network-directives'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Name=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The interface name used when creating the netdev. |
| This option is compulsory.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>MACAddress=</varname></term> |
| <listitem> |
| <para>The peer MACAddress, if not set it is generated in the same |
| way as the MAC address of the main interface.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| </variablelist> |
| </refsect1> |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[Tun] Section Options</title> |
| |
| <para>The <literal>[Tun]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind |
| <literal>tun</literal>, and accepts the following keys:</para> |
| |
| <variablelist class='network-directives'> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>OneQueue=</varname></term> |
| <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Configures whether |
| all packets are queued at the device (enabled), or a fixed number |
| of packets are queued at the device and the rest at the |
| <literal>qdisc</literal>. Defaults to <literal>no</literal>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>MultiQueue=</varname></term> |
| <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Configures whether to |
| use multiple file descriptors (queues) to parallelize packets |
| sending and receiving. Defaults to <literal>no</literal>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>PacketInfo=</varname></term> |
| <listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Configures whether packets |
| should be prepened with four extra bytes (two flag bytes and two |
| protocol bytes). If disabled it indicates that the packets will be |
| pure IP packets. Defaults to <literal>no</literal>.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>User=</varname></term> |
| <listitem><para>User to grant access to the <filename>/dev/net/tun</filename> |
| device.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| <varlistentry> |
| <term><varname>Group=</varname></term> |
| <listitem><para>Group to grant access to the <filename>/dev/net/tun</filename> |
| device.</para> |
| </listitem> |
| </varlistentry> |
| |
| </variablelist> |
| |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>[Tap] Section Options</title> |
| |
| <para>The <literal>[Tap]</literal> section only applies for netdevs of kind |
| <literal>tap</literal>, and accepts the same keys as the |
| <literal>[Tun]</literal> section.</para> |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>Example</title> |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/bridge.netdev</title> |
| |
| <programlisting>[NetDev] |
| Name=bridge0 |
| Kind=bridge</programlisting> |
| </example> |
| |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/vlan1.netdev</title> |
| |
| <programlisting>[Match] |
| Virtualization=no |
| |
| [NetDev] |
| Name=vlan1 |
| Kind=vlan |
| |
| [VLAN] |
| Id=1</programlisting> |
| </example> |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/ipip.netdev</title> |
| <programlisting>[NetDev] |
| Name=ipip-tun |
| Kind=ipip |
| MTUBytes=1480 |
| |
| [Tunnel] |
| Local=192.168.223.238 |
| Remote=192.169.224.239 |
| TTL=64</programlisting> |
| </example> |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/tap.netdev</title> |
| <programlisting>[NetDev] |
| Name=tap-test |
| Kind=tap |
| |
| [Tap] |
| MultiQueue=true |
| PacketInfo=true</programlisting> </example> |
| |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/sit.netdev</title> |
| <programlisting>[NetDev] |
| Name=sit-tun |
| Kind=sit |
| MTUBytes=1480 |
| |
| [Tunnel] |
| Local=10.65.223.238 |
| Remote=10.65.223.239</programlisting> |
| </example> |
| |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/gre.netdev</title> |
| <programlisting>[NetDev] |
| Name=gre-tun |
| Kind=gre |
| MTUBytes=1480 |
| |
| [Tunnel] |
| Local=10.65.223.238 |
| Remote=10.65.223.239</programlisting> |
| </example> |
| |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/vti.netdev</title> |
| |
| <programlisting>[NetDev] |
| Name=vti-tun |
| Kind=vti |
| MTUBytes=1480 |
| |
| [Tunnel] |
| Local=10.65.223.238 |
| Remote=10.65.223.239</programlisting> |
| </example> |
| |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/veth.netdev</title> |
| <programlisting>[NetDev] |
| Name=veth-test |
| Kind=veth |
| |
| [Peer] |
| Name=veth-peer</programlisting> |
| </example> |
| |
| <example> |
| <title>/etc/systemd/network/dummy.netdev</title> |
| <programlisting>[NetDev] |
| Name=dummy-test |
| Kind=dummy |
| MACAddress=12:34:56:78:9a:bc</programlisting> |
| </example> |
| |
| </refsect1> |
| <refsect1> |
| <title>See Also</title> |
| <para> |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, |
| <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
| </para> |
| </refsect1> |
| |
| </refentry> |