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<a href="#defer-an-event-scheduling-library-in-c"><code>defer</code> - An event scheduling library in C.</a>
</li>
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</div><h1 id="defer-an-event-scheduling-library-in-c"><code>defer</code> - An event scheduling library in C.</h1>
<p><code>defer</code> is a simple thread pool library that defaults to POSIX threads (and could be easily ported to any thread system).</p>
<p>It uses a combination of micro-sleep and spin-locks for load-balancing across threads, making it more performant then the conditional variable approach as well as more portable.</p>
<p>Unlike most thread pool libraries, <code>defer</code> allows for two pointers to be passed to each task, allowing greater versatility and optimizations. For example, <code>facil.io</code> uses this approach to perform interactions between objects without requiring any additional allocations (which is very important for larger object collections).</p>
<p>The library is conveniently documented inside it&#39;s <code>defer.h</code> file.</p>
<p><code>defer</code> can run in a single thread mode, without using a thread pool:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight c"><code><span class="cp">#include "defer.h"
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
</span><span class="c1">// an example task</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">say_hi</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">arg1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">void</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">arg2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">arg2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"%s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">)</span><span class="n">arg1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c1">// an example usage</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">defer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">say_hi</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"Hello There!"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Running all scheduled tasks...</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">defer_perform</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Done.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Or using a thread pool:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight c"><code><span class="cp">#include "defer.h"
#include &lt;stdint.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
</span><span class="c1">// an example task</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">say_hi</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">arg1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">void</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">arg2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"%s (%lu)</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">)</span><span class="n">arg1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">uintptr_t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">arg2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c1">// an example usage</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">uintptr_t</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">64</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">defer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">say_hi</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"Hello There!"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Starting thread pool...</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">pool_pt</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">defer_pool_start</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Signaling thread pool to finish...</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">defer_pool_stop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pool</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"... Waiting for thread pool to finish.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">defer_pool_wait</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pool</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Done.</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>This is actually most of the API right there, but if you need more details you can find them in the <a href="https://github.com/boazsegev/facil.io/blob/master/lib/facil/core/defer.h"><code>defer.h</code> header file</a>.</p>
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