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/* hp2100_lps.c: HP 2100 12653A/2767 line printer simulator
Copyright (c) 1993-2012, Robert M. Supnik
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
ROBERT M SUPNIK BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
Except as contained in this notice, the name of Robert M Supnik shall not be
used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings
in this Software without prior written authorization from Robert M Supnik.
LPS 12653A 2767 line printer
12566B microcircuit interface with loopback diagnostic connector
10-Feb-12 JDB Deprecated DEVNO in favor of SC
28-Mar-11 JDB Tidied up signal handling
26-Oct-10 JDB Changed I/O signal handler for revised signal model
Revised detection of CLC at last DMA cycle
19-Oct-10 JDB Corrected 12566B (DIAG mode) jumper settings
26-Jun-08 JDB Rewrote device I/O to model backplane signals
10-May-07 RMS Added UNIT_TEXT flag
11-Jan-07 JDB CLC cancels I/O event if DIAG (jumper W9 in "A" pos)
Added ioCRS state to I/O decoders
19-Nov-04 JDB Added restart when set online, etc.
Fixed col count for non-printing chars
01-Oct-04 JDB Added SET OFFLINE/ONLINE, POWEROFF/POWERON
Fixed status returns for error conditions
Fixed handling of non-printing characters
Fixed handling of characters after column 80
Improved timing model accuracy for RTE
Added fast/realistic timing
Added debug printouts
03-Jun-04 RMS Fixed timing (found by Dave Bryan)
26-Apr-04 RMS Fixed SFS x,C and SFC x,C
Implemented DMA SRQ (follows FLG)
25-Apr-03 RMS Revised for extended file support
24-Oct-02 RMS Added microcircuit test features
30-May-02 RMS Widened POS to 32b
03-Dec-01 RMS Changed DEVNO to use extended SET/SHOW
07-Sep-01 RMS Moved function prototypes
21-Nov-00 RMS Fixed flag, fbf power up state
Added command flop
15-Oct-00 RMS Added variable device number support
References:
- 2767A Line Printer Operating and Service Manual (02767-90002, Oct-1973)
- 12566B, 12566B-001, 12566B-002, 12566B-003 Microcircuit Interface Kits
Operating and Service Manual (12566-90015, Apr-1976)
This module simulates two different devices. In "diagnostic mode," it
simulates a 12566B microcircuit interface card with a loopback connector. In
non-diagnostic mode, it simulates a 12653A line printer interface card and a
2767 line printer.
In diagnostic mode, the 12566B interface has a loopback connector that ties
the output data lines to the input data lines and the device command output
to the device flag input. In addition, card configuration jumpers are set as
needed for the diagnostic programs.
Jumper settings depend on the CPU model. For the 2114/15/16 CPUs, jumper W1
is installed in position B and jumper W2 in position C. In these positions,
the card flag sets two instructions after the STC, allowing DMA to steal
every third cycle. For the 2100 and 1000 CPUs, jumper W1 is installed in
position C and jumper W2 in position B. In these positions, the card flag
sets one instruction after the STC, allowing DMA to steal every other cycle.
For all CPUs, jumpers W3 and W4 are installed in position B, W5-W8 are
installed, and W9 is installed in position A.
The 2767 impact printer has a rotating drum with 80 columns of 64 raised
characters. ASCII codes 32 through 95 (SPACE through "_") form the print
repertoire. The printer responds to the control characters FF, LF, and CR.
The 80 columns are divided into four zones of 20 characters each that are
addressed sequentially. Received characters are buffered in a 20-character
memory. When the 20th printable character is received, the current zone is
printed, and the memory is reset. In the absence of print command
characters, a zone print operation will commence after each group of 20
printable characters is transmitted to the printer.
The print command characters have these actions:
* CR -- print the characters in the current zone, reset to zone 1, and clear
the buffer memory.
* LF -- same as CR, plus advances the paper one line.
* FF -- same as CR, plus advances the paper to the top of the next form.
The 2767 provides two status bits via the interface:
bit 15 -- printer not ready
bit 0 -- printer busy
The expected status returns are:
100001 -- power off or cable disconnected
100001 -- initial power on, then changes to 000001 within sixty
seconds of initial power on
000001 -- power on, paper unloaded or printer offline or not idle
000000 -- power on, paper loaded and printer online and idle
These simulator commands provide the listed printer states:
SET LPS POWEROFF --> power off or cable disconnected
SET LPS POWERON --> power on
SET LPS OFFLINE --> printer offline
SET LPS ONLINE --> printer online
ATT LPS <file> --> paper loaded
DET LPS --> paper out
The following implemented behaviors have been inferred from secondary sources
(diagnostics, operating system drivers, etc.), due to absent or contradictory
authoritative information; future correction may be needed:
1. Paper out sets BUSY instead of NOT READY.
2. Print operation in progress sets BUSY instead of NOT READY.
3. Characters not in the print repertoire are replaced with blanks.
4. The 81st and succeeding characters overprint the current line.
*/
#include "hp2100_defs.h"
#include "hp2100_cpu.h"
#define LPS_ZONECNT 20 /* zone char count */
#define LPS_PAGECNT 80 /* page char count */
#define LPS_PAGELNT 60 /* page line length */
#define LPS_FORMLNT 66 /* form line length */
/* Printer power states */
#define LPS_ON 0 /* power is on */
#define LPS_OFF 1 /* power is off */
#define LPS_TURNING_ON 2 /* power is turning on */
#define LPS_BUSY 0000001 /* busy status */
#define LPS_NRDY 0100000 /* not ready status */
#define LPS_PWROFF LPS_BUSY | LPS_NRDY /* power-off status */
#define UNIT_V_DIAG (UNIT_V_UF + 0) /* diagnostic mode */
#define UNIT_V_POWEROFF (UNIT_V_UF + 1) /* unit powered off */
#define UNIT_V_OFFLINE (UNIT_V_UF + 2) /* unit offline */
#define UNIT_DIAG (1 << UNIT_V_DIAG)
#define UNIT_POWEROFF (1 << UNIT_V_POWEROFF)
#define UNIT_OFFLINE (1 << UNIT_V_OFFLINE)
struct {
FLIP_FLOP control; /* control flip-flop */
FLIP_FLOP flag; /* flag flip-flop */
FLIP_FLOP flagbuf; /* flag buffer flip-flop */
} lps = { CLEAR, CLEAR, CLEAR };
int32 lps_ccnt = 0; /* character count */
int32 lps_lcnt = 0; /* line count */
int32 lps_stopioe = 0; /* stop on error */
int32 lps_sta = 0; /* printer status */
int32 lps_timing = 1; /* timing type */
uint32 lps_power = LPS_ON; /* power state */
/* Hardware timing:
(based on 1580 instr/msec) instr msec calc msec
------------------------
- character transfer time : ctime = 2 2 us
- per-zone printing time : ptime = 55300 35 40
- per-line paper slew time : stime = 17380 11 13
- power-on ready delay time : rtime = 158000 100
NOTE: the printer acknowledges before the print motion has stopped to allow
for continuous slew, so the set times are a bit less than the calculated
operation time from the manual.
NOTE: the 2767 diagnostic checks completion times, so the realistic timing
must be used. Because simulator timing is in instructions, and because the
diagnostic uses the TIMER instruction (~1580 executions per millisecond) when
running on a 1000-E/F but a software timing loop (~400-600 executions per
millisecond) when running on anything else, realistic timings are decreased by
three-fourths when not executing on an E/F.
*/
int32 lps_ctime = 0; /* char xfer time */
int32 lps_ptime = 0; /* zone printing time */
int32 lps_stime = 0; /* paper slew time */
int32 lps_rtime = 0; /* power-on ready time */
typedef int32 TIMESET[4]; /* set of controller times */
int32 *const lps_timers[] = { &lps_ctime, &lps_ptime, &lps_stime, &lps_rtime };
const TIMESET lps_times[2] = {
{ 2, 55300, 17380, 158000 }, /* REALTIME */
{ 2, 1000, 1000, 1000 } /* FASTTIME */
};
DEVICE lps_dev;
IOHANDLER lpsio;
t_stat lps_svc (UNIT *uptr);
t_stat lps_reset (DEVICE *dptr);
t_stat lps_restart (UNIT *uptr, int32 value, char *cptr, void *desc);
t_stat lps_poweroff (UNIT *uptr, int32 value, char *cptr, void *desc);
t_stat lps_poweron (UNIT *uptr, int32 value, char *cptr, void *desc);
t_stat lps_attach (UNIT *uptr, char *cptr);
t_stat lps_set_timing (UNIT *uptr, int32 val, char *cptr, void *desc);
t_stat lps_show_timing (FILE *st, UNIT *uptr, int32 val, void *desc);
/* LPS data structures
lps_dev LPS device descriptor
lps_unit LPS unit descriptor
lps_reg LPS register list
*/
DIB lps_dib = { &lpsio, LPS };
UNIT lps_unit = {
UDATA (&lps_svc, UNIT_SEQ+UNIT_ATTABLE+UNIT_DISABLE+UNIT_TEXT, 0)
};
REG lps_reg[] = {
{ ORDATA (BUF, lps_unit.buf, 16) },
{ ORDATA (STA, lps_sta, 16) },
{ ORDATA (POWER, lps_power, 2), REG_RO },
{ FLDATA (CTL, lps.control, 0) },
{ FLDATA (FLG, lps.flag, 0) },
{ FLDATA (FBF, lps.flagbuf, 0) },
{ DRDATA (CCNT, lps_ccnt, 7), PV_LEFT },
{ DRDATA (LCNT, lps_lcnt, 7), PV_LEFT },
{ DRDATA (POS, lps_unit.pos, T_ADDR_W), PV_LEFT },
{ DRDATA (CTIME, lps_ctime, 24), PV_LEFT },
{ DRDATA (PTIME, lps_ptime, 24), PV_LEFT },
{ DRDATA (STIME, lps_stime, 24), PV_LEFT },
{ DRDATA (RTIME, lps_rtime, 24), PV_LEFT },
{ FLDATA (TIMING, lps_timing, 0), REG_HRO },
{ FLDATA (STOP_IOE, lps_stopioe, 0) },
{ ORDATA (SC, lps_dib.select_code, 6), REG_HRO },
{ ORDATA (DEVNO, lps_dib.select_code, 6), REG_HRO },
{ NULL }
};
MTAB lps_mod[] = {
{ UNIT_DIAG, UNIT_DIAG, "diagnostic mode", "DIAG", NULL },
{ UNIT_DIAG, 0, "printer mode", "PRINTER", NULL },
{ UNIT_POWEROFF, UNIT_POWEROFF, "power off", "POWEROFF", lps_poweroff },
{ UNIT_POWEROFF, 0, "power on", "POWERON", lps_poweron },
{ UNIT_OFFLINE, UNIT_OFFLINE, "offline", "OFFLINE", NULL },
{ UNIT_OFFLINE, 0, "online", "ONLINE", lps_restart },
{ MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV, 0, NULL, "REALTIME",
&lps_set_timing, NULL, NULL },
{ MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV, 1, NULL, "FASTTIME",
&lps_set_timing, NULL, NULL },
{ MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV, 0, "TIMING", NULL,
NULL, &lps_show_timing, NULL },
{ MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV, 0, "SC", "SC", &hp_setsc, &hp_showsc, &lps_dev },
{ MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV | MTAB_NMO, 0, "DEVNO", "DEVNO", &hp_setdev, &hp_showdev, &lps_dev },
{ 0 }
};
DEVICE lps_dev = {
"LPS", &lps_unit, lps_reg, lps_mod,
1, 10, 31, 1, 8, 8,
NULL, NULL, &lps_reset,
NULL, &lps_attach, NULL,
&lps_dib, DEV_DISABLE | DEV_DIS | DEV_DEBUG
};
/* I/O signal handler.
Implementation note:
1. The 211x DMA diagnostic expects that a programmed STC and CLC sequence
will set the card flag in two instructions, whereas a last-DMA-cycle
assertion of STC and CLC simultaneously will not.
*/
uint32 lpsio (DIB *dibptr, IOCYCLE signal_set, uint32 stat_data)
{
int32 sched;
IOSIGNAL signal;
IOCYCLE working_set = IOADDSIR (signal_set); /* add ioSIR if needed */
while (working_set) {
signal = IONEXT (working_set); /* isolate next signal */
switch (signal) { /* dispatch I/O signal */
case ioCLF: /* clear flag flip-flop */
lps.flag = lps.flagbuf = CLEAR;
break;
case ioSTF: /* set flag flip-flop */
case ioENF: /* enable flag */
lps.flag = lps.flagbuf = SET;
break;
case ioSFC: /* skip if flag is clear */
setstdSKF (lps);
break;
case ioSFS: /* skip if flag is set */
setstdSKF (lps);
break;
case ioIOI: /* I/O data input */
if ((lps_unit.flags & UNIT_DIAG) == 0) { /* real lpt? */
if (lps_power == LPS_ON) { /* power on? */
if (((lps_unit.flags & UNIT_ATT) == 0) || /* paper out? */
(lps_unit.flags & UNIT_OFFLINE) || /* offline? */
sim_is_active (&lps_unit)) lps_sta = LPS_BUSY;
else
lps_sta = 0;
}
else
lps_sta = LPS_PWROFF;
}
stat_data = IORETURN (SCPE_OK, lps_sta); /* diag, rtn status */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fprintf (sim_deb, ">>LPS LIx: Status %06o returned\n", lps_sta);
break;
case ioIOO: /* I/O data output */
lps_unit.buf = IODATA (stat_data);
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fprintf (sim_deb, ">>LPS OTx: Character %06o output\n", lps_unit.buf);
break;
case ioPOPIO: /* power-on preset to I/O */
lps.flag = lps.flagbuf = SET; /* set flag and flag buffer */
lps_unit.buf = 0; /* clear output buffer */
break;
case ioCRS: /* control reset */
lps.control = CLEAR; /* clear control */
sim_cancel (&lps_unit); /* deactivate unit */
break;
case ioCLC: /* clear control flip-flop */
lps.control = CLEAR;
break;
case ioSTC: /* set control flip-flop */
lps.control = SET; /* set control */
if (lps_unit.flags & UNIT_DIAG) { /* diagnostic? */
lps_sta = lps_unit.buf; /* loop back data */
if (!(signal_set & ioCLC)) /* CLC not asserted simultaneously? */
if (UNIT_CPU_TYPE == UNIT_TYPE_211X) /* 2114/15/16 CPU? */
sim_activate (&lps_unit, 3); /* schedule flag after two instructions */
else /* 2100 or 1000 */
sim_activate (&lps_unit, 2); /* schedule flag after next instruction */
}
else { /* real lpt, sched */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev)) fprintf (sim_deb,
">>LPS STC: Character %06o scheduled for line %d, column %d, ",
lps_unit.buf, lps_lcnt + 1, lps_ccnt + 1);
if ((lps_unit.buf != '\f') &&
(lps_unit.buf != '\n') &&
(lps_unit.buf != '\r')) { /* normal char */
lps_ccnt = lps_ccnt + 1; /* incr char counter */
if (lps_ccnt % LPS_ZONECNT == 0) /* end of zone? */
sched = lps_ptime; /* print zone */
else
sched = lps_ctime; /* xfer char */
}
else { /* print cmd */
if (lps_ccnt % LPS_ZONECNT == 0) /* last zone printed? */
sched = lps_ctime; /* yes, so just char time */
else
sched = lps_ptime; /* no, so print needed */
lps_ccnt = 0; /* reset char counter */
if (lps_unit.buf == '\n') { /* line advance */
lps_lcnt = (lps_lcnt + 1) % LPS_PAGELNT;
if (lps_lcnt > 0)
sched = sched + lps_stime;
else
sched = sched + /* allow for perf skip */
lps_stime * (LPS_FORMLNT - LPS_PAGELNT);
}
else if (lps_unit.buf == '\f') { /* form advance */
sched = sched + lps_stime * (LPS_FORMLNT - lps_lcnt);
lps_lcnt = 0;
}
}
sim_activate (&lps_unit, sched);
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fprintf (sim_deb, "time = %d\n", sched);
}
break;
case ioSIR: /* set interrupt request */
setstdPRL (lps); /* set standard PRL signal */
setstdIRQ (lps); /* set standard IRQ signal */
setstdSRQ (lps); /* set standard SRQ signal */
break;
case ioIAK: /* interrupt acknowledge */
lps.flagbuf = CLEAR;
break;
default: /* all other signals */
break; /* are ignored */
}
working_set = working_set & ~signal; /* remove current signal from set */
}
return stat_data;
}
/* Unit service */
t_stat lps_svc (UNIT *uptr)
{
int32 c = uptr->buf & 0177;
if (lps_power == LPS_TURNING_ON) { /* printer warmed up? */
lps_power = LPS_ON; /* change state */
lps_restart (uptr, 0, NULL, NULL); /* restart I/O if hung */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fputs (">>LPS svc: Power state is ON\n", sim_deb);
return SCPE_OK; /* done */
}
if (uptr->flags & UNIT_DIAG) { /* diagnostic? */
lpsio (&lps_dib, ioENF, 0); /* set flag */
return SCPE_OK; /* done */
}
if ((uptr->flags & UNIT_ATT) == 0) /* attached? */
return IOERROR (lps_stopioe, SCPE_UNATT);
else if (uptr->flags & UNIT_OFFLINE) /* offline? */
return IOERROR (lps_stopioe, STOP_OFFLINE);
else if (uptr->flags & UNIT_POWEROFF) /* powered off? */
return IOERROR (lps_stopioe, STOP_PWROFF);
lpsio (&lps_dib, ioENF, 0); /* set flag */
if (((c < ' ') || (c > '_')) && /* non-printing char? */
(c != '\f') && (c != '\n') && (c != '\r')) {
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fprintf (sim_deb, ">>LPS svc: Character %06o erased\n", c);
c = ' '; /* replace with blank */
}
if (lps_ccnt > LPS_PAGECNT) { /* 81st character? */
fputc ('\r', uptr->fileref); /* return to line start */
uptr->pos = uptr->pos + 1; /* update pos */
lps_ccnt = 1; /* reset char counter */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fputs (">>LPS svc: Line wraparound to column 1\n", sim_deb);
}
fputc (c, uptr->fileref); /* "print" char */
uptr->pos = uptr->pos + 1; /* update pos */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fprintf (sim_deb, ">>LPS svc: Character %06o printed\n", c);
if ((lps_lcnt == 0) && (c == '\n')) { /* LF did TOF? */
fputc ('\f', uptr->fileref); /* do perf skip */
uptr->pos = uptr->pos + 1; /* update pos */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fputs (">>LPS svc: Perforation skip to TOF\n", sim_deb);
}
if (ferror (uptr->fileref)) {
perror ("LPS I/O error");
clearerr (uptr->fileref);
return SCPE_IOERR;
}
return SCPE_OK;
}
/* Reset routine */
t_stat lps_reset (DEVICE *dptr)
{
if (sim_switches & SWMASK ('P')) { /* power-on reset? */
lps_power = LPS_ON; /* power is on */
lps_set_timing (NULL, lps_timing, NULL, NULL); /* init timing set */
}
IOPRESET (&lps_dib); /* PRESET device (does not use PON) */
lps_sta = 0; /* clear status */
sim_cancel (&lps_unit); /* deactivate unit */
return SCPE_OK;
}
/* Restart I/O routine
If I/O is started via STC, and the printer is powered off, offline,
or out of paper, the CTL and CMD flip-flops will set, a service event
will be scheduled, and the service routine will be entered. If
STOP_IOE is not set, the I/O operation will "hang" at that point
until the printer is powered on, set online, or paper is supplied
(attached).
If a pending operation is "hung" when this routine is called, it is
restarted, which clears CTL and sets FBF and FLG, completing the
original I/O request.
*/
t_stat lps_restart (UNIT *uptr, int32 value, char *cptr, void *desc)
{
if (lps.control && !sim_is_active (uptr))
sim_activate (uptr, 0); /* reschedule I/O */
return SCPE_OK;
}
/* Printer power off */
t_stat lps_poweroff (UNIT *uptr, int32 value, char *cptr, void *desc)
{
lps_power = LPS_OFF; /* change state */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev)) fputs (">>LPS set: Power state is OFF\n", sim_deb);
return SCPE_OK;
}
/* Printer power on */
t_stat lps_poweron (UNIT *uptr, int32 value, char *cptr, void *desc)
{
if (lps_unit.flags & UNIT_DIAG) { /* diag mode? */
lps_power = LPS_ON; /* no delay */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev))
fputs (">>LPS set: Power state is ON\n", sim_deb);
}
else {
lps_power = LPS_TURNING_ON; /* change state */
lps_unit.flags |= UNIT_OFFLINE; /* set offline */
sim_activate (&lps_unit, lps_rtime); /* schedule ready */
if (DEBUG_PRS (lps_dev)) fprintf (sim_deb,
">>LPS set: Power state is TURNING ON, scheduled time = %d\n",
lps_rtime );
}
return SCPE_OK;
}
/* Attach routine */
t_stat lps_attach (UNIT *uptr, char *cptr)
{
lps_ccnt = lps_lcnt = 0; /* top of form */
lps_restart (uptr, 0, NULL, NULL); /* restart I/O if hung */
return attach_unit (uptr, cptr);
}
/* Set printer timing
Realistic timing is factored, depending on CPU model, to account for the
timing method employed by the diagnostic. */
t_stat lps_set_timing (UNIT *uptr, int32 val, char *cptr, void *desc)
{
uint32 i, factor = 1;
lps_timing = (val != 0); /* determine choice */
if ((lps_timing == 0) && /* calc speed factor */
(UNIT_CPU_MODEL != UNIT_1000_E) &&
(UNIT_CPU_MODEL != UNIT_1000_F))
factor = 4;
for (i = 0; i < (sizeof (lps_timers) / sizeof (lps_timers[0])); i++)
*lps_timers[i] = lps_times[lps_timing][i] / factor; /* assign times */
return SCPE_OK;
}
/* Show printer timing */
t_stat lps_show_timing (FILE *st, UNIT *uptr, int32 val, void *desc)
{
if (lps_timing) fputs ("fast timing", st);
else fputs ("realistic timing", st);
return SCPE_OK;
}